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Sustainability of metal recovery from E-waste

Biswajit Debnath, Ranjana Chowdhury, Sadhan Kumar Ghosh

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1044-9

摘要：

Metal recovery techniques from electronic waste reported in literature.

Metal recovery processes followed in Industries from electronic waste.

Sustainability analysis of metal recovery processes from electronic waste.

关键词： E-waste     Metal recovery     Metal Recovery from E-waste (MREW)     Sustainability    

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Copper recovery from waste printed circuit boards concentrated metal scraps by electrolysis

Xiaonan Liu, Qiuxia Tan, Yungui Li, Zhonghui Xu, Mengjun Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0997-4

摘要： Copper recovery is the core of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) treatment. In this study, we proposed a feasible and efficient way to recover copper from WPCBs concentrated metal scraps by direct electrolysis and factors that affect copper recovery rate and purity, mainly CuSO ·5H O concentration, NaCl concentration, H SO concentration and current density, were discussed in detail. The results indicated that copper recovery rate increased first with the increase of CuSO ·5H O NaCl, H SO and current density and then decreased with further increasing these conditions. NaCl, H SO and current density also showed a similar impact on copper purity, which also increased first and then decreased. Copper purity increased with the increase of CuSO ·5H O. When the concentration of CuSO ·5H O, NaCl and H SO was respectively 90, 40 and 118 g/L and current density was 80 mA/cm , copper recovery rate and purity was up to 97.32% and 99.86%, respectively. Thus, electrolysis proposes a feasible and prospective approach for waste printed circuit boards recycle, even for e-waste, though more researches are needed for industrial application.

关键词： Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs)     Copper     Recovery rate     Purity     Electrolysis    

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Highly selective metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries through stoichiometric hydrogen ion

Weiguang Lv, Xiaohong Zheng, Li Li, Hongbin Cao, Yi Zhang, Renjie Chen, Hancheng Ou, Fei Kang, Zhi Sun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1243-1256 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2029-3

摘要： Spent lithium-ion battery recycling has attracted significant attention because of its importance in regard to the environment and resource importance. Traditional hydrometallurgical methods usually leach all valuable metals and subsequently extract target meals to prepare corresponding materials. However, Li recovery in these processes requires lengthy operational procedures, and the recovery efficiency is low. In this research, we demonstrate a method to selectively recover lithium before the leaching of other elements by introducing a hydrothermal treatment. Approximately 90% of Li is leached from high-Ni layered oxide cathode powders, while consuming a nearly stoichiometric amount of hydrogen ions. With this selective recovery of Li, the transition metals remain as solid residue hydroxides or oxides. Furthermore, the extraction of Li is found to be highly dependent on the content of transition metals in the cathode materials. A high leaching selectivity of Li (>98%) and nearly 95% leaching efficiency of Li can be reached with LiNi Co Mn O . In this case, both the energy and material consumption during the proposed Li recovery is significantly decreased compared to traditional methods; furthermore, the proposed method makes full use of H to leach Li . This research is expected to provide new understanding for selectively recovering metal from secondary resources.

关键词： recycling     spent LIBs     selective recovery     hydrothermal treatment    

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Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment: A Perspective

Shaolin Li,Lei Li,Weixian Zhang,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.012

摘要： Industries such as non-ferrous metal smelting discharge billions of gallons of highly toxic heavy metal wastewater (HMW) worldwide annually, posing a severe challenge to conventional wastewater treatment plants and harming the environment. HMW is traditionally treated via chemical precipitation using lime, caustic, or sulfide, but the effluents do not meet the increasingly stringent discharge standards. This issue has spurred an increase in research and the development of innovative treatment technologies, among which those using nanoparticles receive particular interest. Among such initiatives, treatment using nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is one of the best developed. While nZVI is already well known for its site-remediation use, this perspective highlights its application in HMW treatment with metal recovery. We demonstrate several advantages of nZVI in this wastewater application, including its multifunctionality in sequestrating a wide array of metal(loid)s (> 30 species); its capability to capture and enrich metal(loid)s at low concentrations (with a removal capacity reaching 500 mg·g–1 nZVI); and its operational convenience due to its unique hydrodynamics. All these advantages are attributable to nZVI’s diminutive nanoparticle size and/or its unique iron chemistry. We also present the first engineering practice of this application, which has treated millions of cubic meters of HMW and recovered tons of valuable metals (e.g., Cu and Au). It is concluded that nZVI is a potent reagent for treating HMW and that nZVI technology provides an eco-solution to this toxic waste.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron     Wastewater     Heavy metal     Resource recovery    

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Characterization of landfilled stainless steel slags in view of metal recovery

Xuan Wang, Daneel Geysen, Tom Van Gerven, Peter T. Jones, Bart Blanpain, Muxing Guo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 353-362 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1656-9

摘要： The slag samples taken from landfill, which originated from different metallurgical processes, have been characterized in this study. The slags were categorized as electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, argon oxygen decarburization/metal refining process slag and vacuum oxygen decarburization slag based on chromium content and basicity. EAF slags have higher potential in metal recovery than the other two slags due to its higher iron and chromium contents. The size of the iron-chromium-nickel alloy particles varies from a few µm up to several cm. The recoveries of large metal particles and metal-spinel aggregates have potential to make the metal recovery from landfilled slags economically viable.

关键词： landfilled stainless steel slag     metal recovery     characterization    

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Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Kanha Gupta, Nitin Khandelwal, Gopala Krishna Darbha

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4

摘要： Eco-friendly IONPs were synthesized through solvothermal method. IONPs show very high removal efficiency for CeO2 NPs i.e. 688 mg/g. Removal was >90% in all synthetic and real water samples. >80% recovery of CeO2 NPs through sonication confirms reusability of IONPs. Increasing applications of metal oxide nanoparticles and their release in the natural environment is a serious concern due to their toxic nature. Therefore, it is essential to have eco-friendly solutions for the remediation of toxic metal oxides in an aqueous environment. In the present study, eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are synthesized using solvothermal technique and successfully characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM respectively) and powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD). These IONPs were further utilized for the remediation of toxic metal oxide nanoparticle, i.e., CeO2. Sorption experiments were also performed in complex aqueous solutions and real water samples to check its applicability in the natural environment. Reusability study was performed to show cost-effectiveness. Results show that these 200 nm-sized spherical IONPs, as revealed by SEM and TEM analysis, were magnetite (Fe3O4) and contained short-range crystallinity as confirmed from XRD spectra. Sorption experiments show that the composite follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Further R2>0.99 for Langmuir sorption isotherm suggests chemisorption as probable removal mechanism with monolayer sorption of CeO2 NPs on IONP. More than 80% recovery of adsorbed CeO2 NPs through ultrasonication and magnetic separation of reaction precipitate confirms reusability of IONPs. Obtained removal % of CeO2 in various synthetic and real water samples was>90% signifying that IONPs are candidate adsorbent for the removal and recovery of toxic metal oxide nanoparticles from contaminated environmental water samples.

关键词： Adsorption     toxic metal oxide remediation     eco-friendly IONP     Iron oxide     CeO2 removal    

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Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 545-556 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0161-5

摘要： Given the complexity of power grids, the failure of any component may cause large-scale economic losses. Consequently, the quick recovery of power grids after disasters has become a new research direction. Considering the severity of power grid disasters, an improved power grid resilience measure and its corresponding importance measures are proposed. The recovery priority of failed components after a disaster is determined according to the influence of the failed components on the power grid resilience. Finally, based on the data from the 2019 Power Yearbook of each city in Shandong Province, China, the power grid resilience after a disaster is analyzed for two situations, namely, partial components failure and failure of all components. Result shows that the recovery priorities of components with different importance measures vary. The resilience evaluations under different repair conditions prove the feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： resilience measure     power grid     importance measure     component recovery    

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Technologies for pollutant removal and resource recovery from blackwater: a review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1683-3

摘要：

● Blackwater is the main source of organics and nutrients in domestic wastewater.

关键词： Blackwater     Water-flushing toilet     Sanitation     Nutrient recovery     Water reuse     Sustainable development    

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Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1537-4

摘要： Various anaerobic processes have been explored for the energy-efficient treatment of municipal wastewater. However, dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent appears to be a barrier towards the energy and carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment. Although several dissolved methane recovery methods have been developed, their engineering feasibility and economic viability have not yet been assessed in a holistic manner. In this perspective, we thus intend to offer additional insights into the cost-benefit of dissolved methane recovery against its emission.

关键词： Anaerobic treatment     Municipal wastewater     Dissolved methane     Methane recovery     Carbon emission    

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China Launched the First Wastewater Resource Recovery Factory in Yixing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1496-1

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Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期   页码 749-758 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2261-0

摘要： Since lithium iron phosphate cathode material does not contain high-value metals other than lithium, it is therefore necessary to strike a balance between recovery efficiency and economic benefits in the recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials. Here, we describe a selective recovery process that can achieve economically efficient recovery and an acceptable lithium leaching yield. Adjusting the acid concentration and amount of oxidant enables selective recovery of lithium ions. Iron is retained in the leaching residue as iron phosphate, which is easy to recycle. The effects of factors such as acid concentration, acid dosage, amount of oxidant, and reaction temperature on the leaching of lithium and iron are comprehensively explored, and the mechanism of selective leaching is clarified. This process greatly reduces the cost of processing equipment and chemicals. This increases the potential industrial use of this process and enables the green and efficient recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials in the future.

关键词： lithium iron phosphate powder     stoichiometric number     selective leaching     lithium recovery    

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“NEW” resource recovery from wastewater using bioelectrochemical systems: Moving forward with functions

Akshay Jain, Zhen He

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1052-9

摘要：

Resource recovery from wastewater is a key function of bioelectrochemical systems.

NEW resources to recover include Nutrient, Energy, and Water.

Identifying proper application niches can guide BES research and development.

More efforts should be invested to the application of recovered resources.

A mindset for energy performance and system scaling is critically important.

关键词： Bioelectrochemical systems     Resource recovery     Wastewater treatment     Energy     Nutrients    

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A ternary mechanism for the facilitated transfer of metal ions onto metal–organic frameworks: implications

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1632-1642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2187-6

摘要： Although metal–organic frameworks offer a new platform for developing versatile sorption materials, yet coordinating the functionality, structure and component of these materials remains a great challenge. It depends on a comprehensive knowledge of a “real sorption mechanism”. Herein, a ternary mechanism for U(VI) uptake in metal–organic frameworks was reported. Analogous MIL-100s (Al, Fe, Cr) were prepared and studied for their ability to sequestrate U(VI) from aqueous solutions. As a result, MIL-100(Al) performed the best among the tested materials, and MIL-100(Cr) performed the worst. The nuclear magnetic resonance technique combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement reveal that U(VI) uptake in the three metal–organic frameworks involves different mechanisms. Specifically, hydrated uranyl ions form outer-sphere complexes in the surface of MIL-100s (Al, Fe) by exchanging with hydrogen ions of terminal hydroxyl groups (Al-OH2, Fe-OH2), and/or, hydrated uranyl ions are bound directly to Al(III) center in MIL-100(Al) through a strong inner-sphere coordination. For MIL-100(Cr), however, the U(VI) uptake is attributed to electrostatic attraction. Besides, the sorption mechanism is also pH and ionic strength dependent. The present study suggests that changing metal center of metal–organic frameworks and sorption conditions alters sorption mechanism, which helps to construct effective metal–organic frameworks-based sorbents for water purification.

关键词： U(VI)     metal–organic frameworks     adsorption mechanism     metal node    

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Creep and recovery behaviors of magnetorheological elastomers

Weihua LI, Yang ZHOU, Tongfei TIAN, Gursel ALICI,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第3期   页码 341-346 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0096-8

摘要： This paper presents experimental and modeling study of creep and recovery behaviors of magneto-rheological elastomers (MREs) under constant stresses. Experimental study was accomplished using a rheometer with parallel-plate geometry. Under constant stresses ranging from a small value to a large one, the resultant strains were recorded. The experimental results demonstrated that MREs behave as linear visocleastic properties. The effects of the magnetic field and stress on MRE creep behaviors were discussed. Moreover, a four-parameter viscoelastic model was developed to describe MRE creep behaviors. The comparison between the experimental results and the modeling predictions indicates that the model can predict MRE creep behaviors very well.

关键词： magneto-rheological elastomers (MREs)     creep     recovery     linear viscoelastic model    

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Coextraction of vanadium and manganese from high-manganese containing vanadium wastewater by a solvent extraction-precipitation process

Zishuai Liu, Yimin Zhang, Zilin Dai, Jing Huang, Cong Liu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 902-912 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1887-z

摘要： High-manganese containing vanadium wastewater (HMVW) is commonly produced during the vanadium extraction process from vanadium titano-magnetite. HMVW cannot be reused and discharged directly, and is harmful to the environment and affect product quality due to heavy metals in the wastewater. The wastewater is usually treated by lime neutralization, but valuable metals (especially V and Mn) cannot be recovered. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly method was developed to recover valuable metals by using a solvent extraction-precipitation process. In the solvent extraction process, 98.15% of vanadium was recovered, and the V O product, with a purity of 98.60%, was obtained under optimal conditions. For the precipitation process, 91.05% of manganese was recovered as MnCO which meets the III grade standard of HG/T 2836-2011. Thermodynamic simulation analysis indicated that MnCO was selectively precipitated at pH 6.5 while Mg and Ca could hardly be precipitated. The results of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the obtained V O and MnCO displayed a good degree of crystallinity. The treated wastewater can be returned for leaching, and resources (V and Mn) in the wastewater were utilized efficiently in an environmentally friendly way. Therefore, this study provides a novel method for the coextraction of V and Mn from HMVW.

关键词： high-manganese containing vanadium wastewater     solvent extraction     carbonate precipitation     vanadium titano-magnetite     valuable metal recovery    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Sustainability of metal recovery from E-waste

Biswajit Debnath, Ranjana Chowdhury, Sadhan Kumar Ghosh

期刊论文

Copper recovery from waste printed circuit boards concentrated metal scraps by electrolysis

Xiaonan Liu, Qiuxia Tan, Yungui Li, Zhonghui Xu, Mengjun Chen

期刊论文

Highly selective metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries through stoichiometric hydrogen ion

Weiguang Lv, Xiaohong Zheng, Li Li, Hongbin Cao, Yi Zhang, Renjie Chen, Hancheng Ou, Fei Kang, Zhi Sun

期刊论文

Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment: A Perspective

Shaolin Li,Lei Li,Weixian Zhang,

期刊论文

Characterization of landfilled stainless steel slags in view of metal recovery

Xuan Wang, Daneel Geysen, Tom Van Gerven, Peter T. Jones, Bart Blanpain, Muxing Guo

期刊论文

Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Kanha Gupta, Nitin Khandelwal, Gopala Krishna Darbha

期刊论文

Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

期刊论文

Technologies for pollutant removal and resource recovery from blackwater: a review

期刊论文

Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

期刊论文

China Launched the First Wastewater Resource Recovery Factory in Yixing

期刊论文

Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

期刊论文

“NEW” resource recovery from wastewater using bioelectrochemical systems: Moving forward with functions

Akshay Jain, Zhen He

期刊论文

A ternary mechanism for the facilitated transfer of metal ions onto metal–organic frameworks: implications

期刊论文

Creep and recovery behaviors of magnetorheological elastomers

Weihua LI, Yang ZHOU, Tongfei TIAN, Gursel ALICI,

期刊论文

Coextraction of vanadium and manganese from high-manganese containing vanadium wastewater by a solvent extraction-precipitation process

Zishuai Liu, Yimin Zhang, Zilin Dai, Jing Huang, Cong Liu

期刊论文